In 1956, in the Brazilian state of Rondônia, near the border with Bolivia, a group of Wari' Indians experienced their first peaceful contact with whites: Protestant missionaries and agents from the national government's Indian Protection Service. On returning to their villages, the Wari' announced, "We touched their bodies!" The whites reported to their people that "the region's most warlike tribe has entered the pacification phase!" First published in Brazil, Strange Enemies is a vivid ethnographic account of the first encounters between groups with radically different worldviews.
During the 1940s and 1950s, white rubber tappers interested in Wari' lands raided their villages, shooting and killing sleeping victims. Those massacres prompted the Wari' to initiate a period of intense retaliatory warfare. The national government and religious organizations stepped in, seeking to "pacify" the Indians. Aparecida Vilaça was able to interview both Wari' and non-Wari' people who participated in these encounters, and she shares their firsthand narratives of the dramatic events. Taking the Wari' perspective as its starting point, Strange Enemies combines a detailed examination of the cross-cultural encounters with analyses of classical ethnological themes such as kinship, shamanism, cannibalism, warfare, and mythology. It is a major contribution to the recent anthropological debates about Amazonian indigenous peoples and to the understanding of their present-day situation.