The recent fatal fires in alpine tunnels have highlighted the necessity for tunnel fire safety installations and procedures. At present these vary from tunnel to tunnel and from country to country. This book brings together, for the first time, contributions from international experts in all areas of the field of tunnel fire investigation and fire fighting. Many aspects of tunnel fire safety are explored, including fire investigations, tunnel fire dynamics, human behaviour and evacuation, tunnel operation during fire emergencies and the role of the fire brigade. Other aspects such as public education, fire testing and the role of fire modelling, are also discussed. Contents Preface Introduction Part I Real Tunnel Fires A history of fire incidents in tunnels Tunnel fire investigation I: The Channel Tunnel fire, 18 November 1996 Tunnel fire investigation II: The St Gotthard Tunnel fire, 24 October 2001 Part II Prevention and Protection Prevention and protection: general concepts Fire detection systems Fire protection in concrete tunnels Tunnel ventilation'state of the art Use of tunnel ventilation for fire safety The influence of tunnel ventilation on fire behaviour Part III Tunnel Fire Dynamics: A History of experimental tunnel fires Fire dynamics in tunnels CFD modelling on tunnel fires Control volume modelling of tunnel fires Problems with using models for fire safety Part IV Fire Safety Management and Human Factors Human behaviour in tunnel fires Recommended behaviour for road tunnel users Transport of hazardous goods A systemic approach to tunnel fire safety management Road tunnel operation during a fire emergency Tunnel fire safety and the law Part V Emergency Procedure Emergency procedures in road tunnels: current practice and future ideas Emergency procedures in rail tunnels: current practice and future ideas Fire and rescue operations in tunnel fires: a discussion of some practical issues