Robert Lehman's interest in picture frames set him apart from other collectors of his era. The collection he bequeathed to the Metropolitan Museum includes nearly four hundred frames, most of them Italian and French, dating from the fourteenth to the nineteenth century. Although he bought most of these frames to display his paintings and drawings, a number of them could only have been acquired as works of art in their own right.
Like nearly all other categories of European art, the frames Robert Lehman collected have now been taken entirely out of context, the exception being the engaged moldings on the early Italian panels he acquired along with his father, Philip. Most of the later Italian frames, the small cassette and astragal frames inspired by earlier engaged moldings, probably hung in palazzi; the finest of the French frames were originally displayed among the gilded furniture and heavy fabrics that decorated luxurious northern European rooms. Using the little documentary evidence that survives and his wide knowledge of comparable examples, Timothy Newbery has attempted to place each of these frames in the interior or cultural ambience for which it was intended.